Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	25
Number of observations	844338
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	161.0 MiB
Average record size in memory	200.0 B

Variable types

Numeric	14
Categorical	9
DateTime	2

Warnings

`df_index` is highly correlated with `store`	High correlation
`store` is highly correlated with `df_index`	High correlation
`competition_open_since_year` is highly correlated with `competition_time_month`	High correlation
`day_of_week` is highly correlated with `dayofweek`	High correlation
`month` is highly correlated with `weekofyear`	High correlation
`weekofyear` is highly correlated with `month`	High correlation
`dayofweek` is highly correlated with `day_of_week`	High correlation
`competition_time_month` is highly correlated with `competition_open_since_year`	High correlation
`df_index` has unique values	Unique
`dayofweek` has 137557 (16.3%) zeros	Zeros
`competition_time_month` has 268025 (31.7%) zeros	Zeros
`promo_time_week` has 421646 (49.9%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2021-08-08 14:49:50.011949
Analysis finished	2021-08-08 14:53:51.891863
Duration	4 minutes and 1.88 second
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.12.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

df_index
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
UNIQUE

Distinct	844338
Distinct (%)	100.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	508596.3788

Minimum	0
Maximum	1017207
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	51060.85
Q1	254520.25
median	508254.5
Q3	762678.75
95-th percentile	966495.3
Maximum	1017207
Range	1017207
Interquartile range (IQR)	508158.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	293481.2635
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5770415907
Kurtosis	-1.198309067
Mean	508596.3788
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	254062.5
Skewness	0.001379351741
Sum	4.294272493 × 10¹¹
Variance	8.6131252 × 10¹⁰
Monotocity	Strictly increasing

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
292388	1	< 0.1%
366104	1	< 0.1%
362010	1	< 0.1%
364059	1	< 0.1%
374300	1	< 0.1%
376349	1	< 0.1%
370206	1	< 0.1%
284192	1	< 0.1%
286241	1	< 0.1%
Other values (844328)	844328	> 99.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
1	1	< 0.1%
2	1	< 0.1%
3	1	< 0.1%
4	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1017207	1	< 0.1%
1017206	1	< 0.1%
1017205	1	< 0.1%
1017204	1	< 0.1%
1017202	1	< 0.1%

store
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1115
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	558.4213739

Minimum	1
Maximum	1115
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	56
Q1	280
median	558
Q3	837
95-th percentile	1060
Maximum	1115
Range	1114
Interquartile range (IQR)	557

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	321.7308614
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5761435297
Kurtosis	-1.198836421
Mean	558.4213739
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	278
Skewness	0.0004258853753
Sum	471496386
Variance	103510.7472
Monotocity	Increasing

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
335	942	0.1%
733	942	0.1%
682	942	0.1%
562	942	0.1%
1097	942	0.1%
262	942	0.1%
769	942	0.1%
494	942	0.1%
423	942	0.1%
85	942	0.1%
Other values (1105)	834918	98.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	781	0.1%
2	784	0.1%
3	779	0.1%
4	784	0.1%
5	779	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1115	781	0.1%
1114	784	0.1%
1113	784	0.1%
1112	779	0.1%
1111	779	0.1%

store_type
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

a	457042
d	258768
c	112968
b	15560

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	844338
Distinct characters	4
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	c
2nd row	c
3rd row	c
4th row	c
5th row	c

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	457042	54.1%
d	258768	30.6%
c	112968	13.4%
b	15560	1.8%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	457042	54.1%
d	258768	30.6%
c	112968	13.4%
b	15560	1.8%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	457042	54.1%
d	258768	30.6%
c	112968	13.4%
b	15560	1.8%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	457042	54.1%
d	258768	30.6%
c	112968	13.4%
b	15560	1.8%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	457042	54.1%
d	258768	30.6%
c	112968	13.4%
b	15560	1.8%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	457042	54.1%
d	258768	30.6%
c	112968	13.4%
b	15560	1.8%

assortment
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

basic	444875
extended	391254
extra	8209

Length

Max length	8
Median length	5
Mean length	6.390156549
Min length	5

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	5395452
Distinct characters	11
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	basic
2nd row	basic
3rd row	basic
4th row	basic
5th row	basic

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
basic	444875	52.7%
extended	391254	46.3%
extra	8209	1.0%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
basic	444875	52.7%
extended	391254	46.3%
extra	8209	1.0%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	1181971	21.9%
d	782508	14.5%
a	453084	8.4%
b	444875	8.2%
s	444875	8.2%
i	444875	8.2%
c	444875	8.2%
x	399463	7.4%
t	399463	7.4%
n	391254	7.3%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	5395452	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	1181971	21.9%
d	782508	14.5%
a	453084	8.4%
b	444875	8.2%
s	444875	8.2%
i	444875	8.2%
c	444875	8.2%
x	399463	7.4%
t	399463	7.4%
n	391254	7.3%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	5395452	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	1181971	21.9%
d	782508	14.5%
a	453084	8.4%
b	444875	8.2%
s	444875	8.2%
i	444875	8.2%
c	444875	8.2%
x	399463	7.4%
t	399463	7.4%
n	391254	7.3%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	5395452	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
e	1181971	21.9%
d	782508	14.5%
a	453084	8.4%
b	444875	8.2%
s	444875	8.2%
i	444875	8.2%
c	444875	8.2%
x	399463	7.4%
t	399463	7.4%
n	391254	7.3%

competition_distance
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	655
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	5961.827515

Minimum	20
Maximum	200000
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	20
5-th percentile	130
Q1	710
median	2330
Q3	6910
95-th percentile	20930
Maximum	200000
Range	199980
Interquartile range (IQR)	6200

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	12592.18111
Coefficient of variation (CV)	2.112134421
Kurtosis	145.2886585
Mean	5961.827515
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1980
Skewness	10.13490772
Sum	5033797520
Variance	158563025
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
250	9210	1.1%
50	6249	0.7%
350	6239	0.7%
1200	6069	0.7%
190	6066	0.7%
90	5607	0.7%
180	5421	0.6%
330	5294	0.6%
150	5292	0.6%
140	4684	0.6%
Other values (645)	784207	92.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
20	779	0.1%
30	3115	0.4%
40	3888	0.5%
50	6249	0.7%
60	2342	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
200000	2186	0.3%
75860	887	0.1%
58260	885	0.1%
48330	784	0.1%
46590	784	0.1%

competition_open_since_month
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	12
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	6.787355301

Minimum	1
Maximum	12
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	2
Q1	4
median	7
Q3	10
95-th percentile	12
Maximum	12
Range	11
Interquartile range (IQR)	6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.309916685
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4876592632
Kurtosis	-1.231875281
Mean	6.787355301
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3
Skewness	-0.04845105686
Sum	5730822
Variance	10.95554846
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=12)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	112179	13.3%
4	98204	11.6%
11	86359	10.2%
3	80052	9.5%
7	76226	9.0%
12	63968	7.6%
6	63913	7.6%
10	63216	7.5%
5	58271	6.9%
2	56895	6.7%
Other values (2)	85055	10.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	37733	4.5%
2	56895	6.7%
3	80052	9.5%
4	98204	11.6%
5	58271	6.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
12	63968	7.6%
11	86359	10.2%
10	63216	7.5%
9	112179	13.3%
8	47322	5.6%

competition_open_since_year
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	23
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2010.331102

Minimum	1900
Maximum	2015
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1900
5-th percentile	2002
Q1	2008
median	2012
Q3	2014
95-th percentile	2015
Maximum	2015
Range	115
Interquartile range (IQR)	6

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	5.502627816
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.002737174891
Kurtosis	123.9030779
Mean	2010.331102
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	-7.217322842
Sum	1697398942
Variance	30.27891288
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=23)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2013	170465	20.2%
2014	151774	18.0%
2015	91118	10.8%
2012	61716	7.3%
2005	46703	5.5%
2010	42715	5.1%
2011	41363	4.9%
2009	40711	4.8%
2008	40195	4.8%
2007	36125	4.3%
Other values (13)	121453	14.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1900	622	0.1%
1961	779	0.1%
1990	3885	0.5%
1994	1552	0.2%
1995	1404	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2015	91118	10.8%
2014	151774	18.0%
2013	170465	20.2%
2012	61716	7.3%
2011	41363	4.9%

promo2
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

0	423292
1	421046

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	844338
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	0
2nd row	0
3rd row	0
4th row	0
5th row	0

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	423292	50.1%
1	421046	49.9%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	423292	50.1%
1	421046	49.9%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	423292	50.1%
1	421046	49.9%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	423292	50.1%
1	421046	49.9%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	423292	50.1%
1	421046	49.9%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	423292	50.1%
1	421046	49.9%

promo2_since_week
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	52
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	23.62908338

Minimum	1
Maximum	52
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	2
Q1	12
median	22
Q3	37
95-th percentile	47
Maximum	52
Range	51
Interquartile range (IQR)	25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	14.28831488
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6046918813
Kurtosis	-1.194814545
Mean	23.62908338
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	12
Skewness	0.1703986475
Sum	19950933
Variance	204.1559421
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14	69320	8.2%
40	56919	6.7%
31	42369	5.0%
10	42002	5.0%
5	39506	4.7%
1	34479	4.1%
13	33878	4.0%
37	33528	4.0%
22	32208	3.8%
18	30709	3.6%
Other values (42)	429420	50.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	34479	4.1%
2	9644	1.1%
3	9784	1.2%
4	9778	1.2%
5	39506	4.7%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
52	4342	0.5%
51	6424	0.8%
50	7188	0.9%
49	7030	0.8%
48	13442	1.6%

promo2_since_year
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2012.797915

Minimum	2009
Maximum	2015
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	2009
5-th percentile	2009
Q1	2012
median	2013
Q3	2014
95-th percentile	2015
Maximum	2015
Range	6
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.660124714
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.0008247845956
Kurtosis	-0.1979112532
Mean	2012.797915
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	-0.788295691
Sum	1699481766
Variance	2.756014067
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=7)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2013	257197	30.5%
2014	227630	27.0%
2015	103528	12.3%
2011	95035	11.3%
2012	60712	7.2%
2009	53824	6.4%
2010	46412	5.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2009	53824	6.4%
2010	46412	5.5%
2011	95035	11.3%
2012	60712	7.2%
2013	257197	30.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2015	103528	12.3%
2014	227630	27.0%
2013	257197	30.5%
2012	60712	7.2%
2011	95035	11.3%

day_of_week
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	3.52034967

Minimum	1
Maximum	7
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	3
Q3	5
95-th percentile	6
Maximum	7
Range	6
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.723712365
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4896423725
Kurtosis	-1.259347431
Mean	3.52034967
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	0.0193099865
Sum	2972365
Variance	2.971184316
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=7)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	144052	17.1%
2	143955	17.0%
3	141922	16.8%
5	138633	16.4%
1	137557	16.3%
4	134626	15.9%
7	3593	0.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	137557	16.3%
2	143955	17.0%
3	141922	16.8%
4	134626	15.9%
5	138633	16.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
7	3593	0.4%
6	144052	17.1%
5	138633	16.4%
4	134626	15.9%
3	141922	16.8%

date
Date

Distinct	942
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Minimum	2013-01-01 00:00:00
Maximum	2015-07-31 00:00:00

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

sales
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	21733
Distinct (%)	2.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	6955.959134

Minimum	46
Maximum	41551
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	46
5-th percentile	3174
Q1	4859
median	6369
Q3	8360
95-th percentile	12668
Maximum	41551
Range	41505
Interquartile range (IQR)	3501

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3103.815515
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.4462095673
Kurtosis	4.854026586
Mean	6955.959134
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1694
Skewness	1.594928836
Sum	5873180623
Variance	9633670.754
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5674	215	< 0.1%
5558	197	< 0.1%
5483	196	< 0.1%
6214	195	< 0.1%
6049	195	< 0.1%
5723	194	< 0.1%
5449	192	< 0.1%
5489	191	< 0.1%
5140	191	< 0.1%
5041	190	< 0.1%
Other values (21723)	842382	99.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
46	1	< 0.1%
124	1	< 0.1%
133	1	< 0.1%
286	1	< 0.1%
297	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
41551	1	< 0.1%
38722	1	< 0.1%
38484	1	< 0.1%
38367	1	< 0.1%
38037	1	< 0.1%

promo
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

0	467463
1	376875

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	844338
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	1
2nd row	1
3rd row	1
4th row	1
5th row	1

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	467463	55.4%
1	376875	44.6%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	467463	55.4%
1	376875	44.6%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	467463	55.4%
1	376875	44.6%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	467463	55.4%
1	376875	44.6%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	467463	55.4%
1	376875	44.6%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	467463	55.4%
1	376875	44.6%

state_holiday
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

regular_day	843428
public_holiday	694
easter_holiday	145
christmas	71

Length

Max length	14
Median length	11
Mean length	11.00281285
Min length	9

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	9290093
Distinct characters	18
Distinct categories	2 ?
Distinct scripts	2 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	regular_day
2nd row	regular_day
3rd row	regular_day
4th row	regular_day
5th row	regular_day

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
regular_day	843428	99.9%
public_holiday	694	0.1%
easter_holiday	145	< 0.1%
christmas	71	< 0.1%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
regular_day	843428	99.9%
public_holiday	694	0.1%
easter_holiday	145	< 0.1%
christmas	71	< 0.1%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	1687911	18.2%
r	1687072	18.2%
l	844961	9.1%
_	844267	9.1%
d	844267	9.1%
y	844267	9.1%
u	844122	9.1%
e	843718	9.1%
g	843428	9.1%
i	1604	< 0.1%
Other values (8)	4476	< 0.1%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	8445826	90.9%
Connector Punctuation	844267	9.1%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	1687911	20.0%
r	1687072	20.0%
l	844961	10.0%
d	844267	10.0%
y	844267	10.0%
u	844122	10.0%
e	843718	10.0%
g	843428	10.0%
i	1604	< 0.1%
h	910	< 0.1%
Other values (7)	3566	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
_	844267	100.0%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	8445826	90.9%
Common	844267	9.1%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	1687911	20.0%
r	1687072	20.0%
l	844961	10.0%
d	844267	10.0%
y	844267	10.0%
u	844122	10.0%
e	843718	10.0%
g	843428	10.0%
i	1604	< 0.1%
h	910	< 0.1%
Other values (7)	3566	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
_	844267	100.0%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	9290093	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
a	1687911	18.2%
r	1687072	18.2%
l	844961	9.1%
_	844267	9.1%
d	844267	9.1%
y	844267	9.1%
u	844122	9.1%
e	843718	9.1%
g	843428	9.1%
i	1604	< 0.1%
Other values (8)	4476	< 0.1%

school_holiday
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

0	680893
1	163445

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	844338
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	1
2nd row	1
3rd row	1
4th row	1
5th row	1

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	680893	80.6%
1	163445	19.4%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	680893	80.6%
1	163445	19.4%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	680893	80.6%
1	163445	19.4%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	680893	80.6%
1	163445	19.4%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	680893	80.6%
1	163445	19.4%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	680893	80.6%
1	163445	19.4%

is_promo
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

0	713533
1	130805

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	844338
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	0
2nd row	0
3rd row	0
4th row	0
5th row	0

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	713533	84.5%
1	130805	15.5%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	713533	84.5%
1	130805	15.5%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	713533	84.5%
1	130805	15.5%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	713533	84.5%
1	130805	15.5%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	713533	84.5%
1	130805	15.5%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	844338	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	713533	84.5%
1	130805	15.5%

year
Categorical

Distinct	3
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

2013	337924
2014	310385
2015	196029

Length

Max length	4
Median length	4
Mean length	4
Min length	4

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	3377352
Distinct characters	6
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	2015
2nd row	2015
3rd row	2015
4th row	2015
5th row	2015

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2013	337924	40.0%
2014	310385	36.8%
2015	196029	23.2%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2013	337924	40.0%
2014	310385	36.8%
2015	196029	23.2%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	844338	25.0%
0	844338	25.0%
1	844338	25.0%
3	337924	10.0%
4	310385	9.2%
5	196029	5.8%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	3377352	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	844338	25.0%
0	844338	25.0%
1	844338	25.0%
3	337924	10.0%
4	310385	9.2%
5	196029	5.8%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	3377352	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	844338	25.0%
0	844338	25.0%
1	844338	25.0%
3	337924	10.0%
4	310385	9.2%
5	196029	5.8%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	3377352	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2	844338	25.0%
0	844338	25.0%
1	844338	25.0%
3	337924	10.0%
4	310385	9.2%
5	196029	5.8%

month
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	12
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	5.845773849

Minimum	1
Maximum	12
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	3
median	6
Q3	8
95-th percentile	12
Maximum	12
Range	11
Interquartile range (IQR)	5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.323959483
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5686089762
Kurtosis	-1.033189967
Mean	5.845773849
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	3
Skewness	0.2577064283
Sum	4935809
Variance	11.04870665
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=12)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	86335	10.2%
3	85975	10.2%
7	85576	10.1%
6	82571	9.8%
4	81726	9.7%
2	80239	9.5%
5	80099	9.5%
8	54411	6.4%
10	53291	6.3%
9	52321	6.2%
Other values (2)	101794	12.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	86335	10.2%
2	80239	9.5%
3	85975	10.2%
4	81726	9.7%
5	80099	9.5%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
12	50393	6.0%
11	51401	6.1%
10	53291	6.3%
9	52321	6.2%
8	54411	6.4%

weekofyear
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	52
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	23.64694589

Minimum	1
Maximum	52
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	3
Q1	11
median	23
Q3	35
95-th percentile	49
Maximum	52
Range	51
Interquartile range (IQR)	24

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	14.3899309
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.6085323225
Kurtosis	-1.02576046
Mean	23.64694589
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	12
Skewness	0.2622868966
Sum	19966015
Variance	207.0701114
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
26	20119	2.4%
12	20098	2.4%
9	20093	2.4%
11	20079	2.4%
6	20066	2.4%
5	20063	2.4%
8	20053	2.4%
10	20051	2.4%
4	20044	2.4%
3	20040	2.4%
Other values (42)	643632	76.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	15161	1.8%
2	19448	2.3%
3	20040	2.4%
4	20044	2.4%
5	20063	2.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
52	8319	1.0%
51	12355	1.5%
50	12333	1.5%
49	12334	1.5%
48	12334	1.5%

dayofweek
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	7
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2.52034967

Minimum	0
Maximum	6
Zeros	137557
Zeros (%)	16.3%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	2
Q3	4
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	6
Range	6
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.723712365
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.683917944
Kurtosis	-1.259347431
Mean	2.52034967
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	0.0193099865
Sum	2128027
Variance	2.971184316
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=7)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5	144052	17.1%
1	143955	17.0%
2	141922	16.8%
4	138633	16.4%
0	137557	16.3%
3	134626	15.9%
6	3593	0.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	137557	16.3%
1	143955	17.0%
2	141922	16.8%
3	134626	15.9%
4	138633	16.4%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6	3593	0.4%
5	144052	17.1%
4	138633	16.4%
3	134626	15.9%
2	141922	16.8%

seasons
Categorical

Distinct	4
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

spring	246607
winter	237969
summer	202687
fall	157075

Length

Max length	6
Median length	6
Mean length	5.627933363
Min length	4

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	4751878
Distinct characters	14
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	summer
2nd row	summer
3rd row	summer
4th row	summer
5th row	summer

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
spring	246607	29.2%
winter	237969	28.2%
summer	202687	24.0%
fall	157075	18.6%

Histogram of lengths of the category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
spring	246607	29.2%
winter	237969	28.2%
summer	202687	24.0%
fall	157075	18.6%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
r	687263	14.5%
i	484576	10.2%
n	484576	10.2%
s	449294	9.5%
e	440656	9.3%
m	405374	8.5%
l	314150	6.6%
p	246607	5.2%
g	246607	5.2%
w	237969	5.0%
Other values (4)	754806	15.9%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Lowercase Letter	4751878	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
r	687263	14.5%
i	484576	10.2%
n	484576	10.2%
s	449294	9.5%
e	440656	9.3%
m	405374	8.5%
l	314150	6.6%
p	246607	5.2%
g	246607	5.2%
w	237969	5.0%
Other values (4)	754806	15.9%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Latin	4751878	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
r	687263	14.5%
i	484576	10.2%
n	484576	10.2%
s	449294	9.5%
e	440656	9.3%
m	405374	8.5%
l	314150	6.6%
p	246607	5.2%
g	246607	5.2%
w	237969	5.0%
Other values (4)	754806	15.9%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	4751878	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
r	687263	14.5%
i	484576	10.2%
n	484576	10.2%
s	449294	9.5%
e	440656	9.3%
m	405374	8.5%
l	314150	6.6%
p	246607	5.2%
g	246607	5.2%
w	237969	5.0%
Other values (4)	754806	15.9%

competition_time_month
Real number (ℝ)

HIGH CORRELATION
ZEROS

Distinct	376
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	41.67967212

Minimum	-32
Maximum	1407
Zeros	268025
Zeros (%)	31.7%
Negative	70101
Negative (%)	8.3%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-32
5-th percentile	-7
Q1	0
median	16
Q3	74
95-th percentile	145
Maximum	1407
Range	1439
Interquartile range (IQR)	74

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	66.8144125
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.60304554
Kurtosis	126.8558883
Mean	41.67967212
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	17
Skewness	7.338855632
Sum	35191731
Variance	4464.165718
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	268025	31.7%
1	9476	1.1%
7	5316	0.6%
5	5234	0.6%
4	5232	0.6%
6	5214	0.6%
9	5163	0.6%
8	5147	0.6%
10	5140	0.6%
11	5038	0.6%
Other values (366)	525353	62.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-32	30	< 0.1%
-31	147	< 0.1%
-30	323	< 0.1%
-29	445	0.1%
-28	593	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1407	5	< 0.1%
1406	25	< 0.1%
1405	25	< 0.1%
1404	23	< 0.1%
1403	23	< 0.1%

promo_since
Date

Distinct	167
Distinct (%)	< 0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Minimum	2009-07-27 00:00:00
Maximum	2015-07-27 00:00:00

Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

promo_time_week
Real number (ℝ)

ZEROS

Distinct	440
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	54.40069854

Minimum	-126
Maximum	313
Zeros	421646
Zeros (%)	49.9%
Negative	57241
Negative (%)	6.8%
Memory size	6.4 MiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	-126
5-th percentile	-19
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	109
95-th percentile	230
Maximum	313
Range	439
Interquartile range (IQR)	109

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	85.45755889
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.570890838
Kurtosis	0.1129960976
Mean	54.40069854
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	1.103383487
Sum	45932577
Variance	7302.994372
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	421646	49.9%
52	3910	0.5%
98	1872	0.2%
102	1847	0.2%
97	1830	0.2%
103	1828	0.2%
101	1778	0.2%
99	1777	0.2%
94	1770	0.2%
93	1764	0.2%
Other values (430)	404316	47.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
-126	12	< 0.1%
-125	18	< 0.1%
-124	18	< 0.1%
-123	18	< 0.1%
-122	18	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
313	35	< 0.1%
312	42	< 0.1%
311	42	< 0.1%
310	42	< 0.1%
309	42	< 0.1%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	df_index	store	store_type	assortment	competition_distance	competition_open_since_month	competition_open_since_year	promo2_since_week	promo2_since_year	day_of_week	date	sales	promo	state_holiday	school_holiday	year	month	weekofyear	dayofweek	seasons	competition_time_month	promo_since
0	0	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	31	2015	5	2015-07-31	5263	1	regular_day	1	2015	7	31	4	summer	84	2015-07-27
1	1	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	31	2015	4	2015-07-30	5020	1	regular_day	1	2015	7	31	3	summer	84	2015-07-27
2	2	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	31	2015	3	2015-07-29	4782	1	regular_day	1	2015	7	31	2	summer	84	2015-07-27
3	3	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	31	2015	2	2015-07-28	5011	1	regular_day	1	2015	7	31	1	summer	84	2015-07-27
4	4	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	31	2015	1	2015-07-27	6102	1	regular_day	1	2015	7	31	0	summer	84	2015-07-27
5	6	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	30	2015	6	2015-07-25	4364	0	regular_day	0	2015	7	30	5	summer	83	2015-07-20
6	7	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	30	2015	5	2015-07-24	3706	0	regular_day	0	2015	7	30	4	summer	83	2015-07-20
7	8	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	30	2015	4	2015-07-23	3769	0	regular_day	0	2015	7	30	3	summer	83	2015-07-20
8	9	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	30	2015	3	2015-07-22	3464	0	regular_day	0	2015	7	30	2	summer	83	2015-07-20
9	10	1	c	basic	1270.00	9	2008	30	2015	2	2015-07-21	3558	0	regular_day	0	2015	7	30	1	summer	83	2015-07-20

Last rows

	df_index	store	store_type	assortment	competition_distance	competition_open_since_month	competition_open_since_year	promo2	promo2_since_week	promo2_since_year	day_of_week	date	sales	promo	state_holiday	school_holiday	year	month	weekofyear	dayofweek	seasons	promo_since	promo_time_week
844328	1017197	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	6	2013-01-12	4497	0	regular_day	0	2013	1	2	5	winter	2012-05-21	33
844329	1017198	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	5	2013-01-11	5142	1	regular_day	1	2013	1	2	4	winter	2012-05-21	33
844330	1017199	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	4	2013-01-10	5007	1	regular_day	1	2013	1	2	3	winter	2012-05-21	33
844331	1017200	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	3	2013-01-09	4649	1	regular_day	1	2013	1	2	2	winter	2012-05-21	33
844332	1017201	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	2	2013-01-08	5243	1	regular_day	1	2013	1	2	1	winter	2012-05-21	33
844333	1017202	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	1	2013-01-07	6905	1	regular_day	1	2013	1	2	0	winter	2012-05-21	33
844334	1017204	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	6	2013-01-05	4771	0	regular_day	1	2013	1	1	5	winter	2012-05-21	32
844335	1017205	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	5	2013-01-04	4540	0	regular_day	1	2013	1	1	4	winter	2012-05-21	32
844336	1017206	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	4	2013-01-03	4297	0	regular_day	1	2013	1	1	3	winter	2012-05-21	32
844337	1017207	1115	d	extended	5350.00	1	2013	1	22	2012	3	2013-01-02	3697	0	regular_day	1	2013	1	1	2	winter	2012-05-21	32

Overview

Variables

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Cramér's V (φc)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows